Spring 2011 The First Amendment
The First Amendment
Spring Semester 2011
Note: All references to page numbers refer to Stone, Seidman, Sunstein, Tushnet and Karlan, The First Amendment (3d ed. 2008).
Part I– Religious Liberty
1. The Establishment Clause
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Everson v. Board of Education and Notes, pp. 545-547
- Note on history of the Religion Clauses, pp. 548-554
- Note on general approaches to the Religion Clauses, pp. 554-560
- Lemon v. Kurtzman, p. 565
- Notes and Lee v. Wiseman, pp. 565-578
- Lynch v. Donnelly and Notes, pp. 578-592
2. School Prayer, Public Displays and De Facto Establishments
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Cases and Notes on school prayer, pp. 592-599
- McCreary County v. ACLU
- Van Orden v. Perry
- Elk Grove School District v. Newdow
- Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
3. Government Aid to Religious Institutions
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Notes and Muller v. Allen, pp. 599-606
- Note on cases from Aguillar to Mitchell, pp. 606-611
- Zelman v. Simmons-Harris and Notes, pp. 611-619
- Bowen v. Kendrick and Notes
4. The Free Exercise Clause
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Note and Reynolds v. U.S. pp. 621-622
- Braunfeld v. Brown, pp. 622-623
- Sherbert v. Verner, pp. 623-624
- Wisconsin v. Yoder, pp. 624-625
- Cases on mandatory accomodation, pp. 625-629
- Employment Division v. Smith and Notes, pp. 629-640
- Note on defining religion, pp. 560-563
- Locke v. Davey and Notes
5. Permissible Accommodations of Religion
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Note and Corporation of Presiding Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints v. Amos, pp. 641-646
- Texas Monthly v. Bullock and Notes, pp. 646-647
- Board of Education of Kiryas Joel School District v. Grumet and Notes pp. 647-649
- Notes on accomodation of religion, pp. 650-657
Part II– Freedom of Speech– Content Regulation
6. Theories of Free Speech; Seditious Advocacy
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Notes and Brandenburg v. Ohio, pp. 58-64
- Notes on the history of the first amendment, pp. 3-8
- Notes on the philosophy of free expression, pp. 8-17
- Abrams v. United States and Notes, pp. 31-36
- Gitlow v. New York and Notes, pp. 36-41
- Whitney v. California and Notes, pp. 41-47
- Dennis v. United States and Notes, pp. 47-57
- Bridges v. California and Watts v. U.S., pp. 64-67
- Planned Parenthood v. ACLA and Notes, pp. 67-70
- Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project
7. Defamation
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Note on “Low Value Speech”, pp. 135-136
- New York Times v. Sullivan and Notes, pp. 136-146
- Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts and Notes, pp. 146-147
- Gertz v. Robert Welch and Notes, pp. 147-151
- Dun and Bradstreet v. Greenmoss Builders and Notes, pp. 151-153
- Internet Service Provider Liability Exception 47 USC section 230
- Hustler Magazine v. Falwell and Notes, pp. 153-155
- Snyder v. Phelps
8. Privacy
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Cox Broadcasting v. Cohn and Notes, pp. 155-161
- Bartnicki v. Vopper and Notes, pp. 291-292
- Cohen v. Cowles Media Co., p. 501
- Note on data privacy
9. Vagueness, Overbreadth, and Prior Restraint
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Notes and Gooding v. Wilson, pp. 109-119
- Note on Prior Restraint, p. 119-120
- Lovell v. Griffin and Notes, pp. 120-123
- Freedman v. Maryland and Notes, pp. 123-126
- Near v. Minnesota and Notes, pp. 126-128
- Note on injunctions as prior restraints, pp. 128-133
10. Disclosure of Confidential, Sensitive, and Dangerous Information
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Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia and Notes, pp. 89-90
- Nebraska Press Association v. Stuart and Notes, pp. 91-92
- New York Times Co. v. United States and Notes, pp. 92-105
- Note on the Progressive controversy, pp. 105-108
- Boehner v. McDermott
- United States v. Rosen
- Wikileaks
- Wikipedia article on Wikileaks
- Statement of Abbe Lowell before House Judiciary Hearing on Wikileaks
- Statement of Geoffrey R. Stone before House Judiciary Hearing on Wikileaks
- Jack Goldsmith, Seven Thoughts on Wikileaks
- Glenn Greenwald, The War on Wikileaks and Why it Matters, Salon, March 27, 2010
- Glenn Greenwald, The Wikileaks Afghanistan Leak, Salon, July 25, 2010
- 18 USC Section 231
- 18 USC Section 2339A
- 18 USC Section 2339B
- Stewart v. McCoy
11. Pornography and Obscenity
A. Obscenity and Child Pornography
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Roth v. United States and Notes, pp. 187-198
- Miller v. California, pp. 198-201
- Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton and Notes, pp. 201-212
- New York v. Ferber and Notes, pp. 212-215
- Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coallition, pp. 215-218
- United States v. Stevens
- Note on Pornography and the Victimization of Women, pp. 276-283
B. Secondary Effects and Zoning of Sexually Explicit Expression
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Young v. American Mini Theatres, pp. 238-240
- City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres, p. 240-41
- City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books and Notes, pp. 241-244
12. Offensive and Indecent Speech
A. Captive Audiences
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Cohen v. California and Notes, pp. 219-226
- Erznoznick v. City of Jacksonville, pp. 226-227
B. Projection of Children
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FCC v. Pacifica Foundation and Notes, pp. 227-230
- Sable Communications v. FCC and Notes, pp. 230
- Action for Children’s Television v. FCC (ACT III)
- Reno v. ACLU, pp. 230-232
- Ashcroft v. ACLU, pp. 232-35
- Note on Indecent Expression, pp. 235-238
- FCC v. Fox
- Note on Violence as Obscenity and American Amusement Machine Assn. v. Kendrick, pp. 210-212
- Schwarzenegger v. Entertainment Merchants Association (9th Circuit opinion) (SCOTUS Wiki coverage)
13. Fighting Words, Racist Speech and Workplace Harassment
A. Fighting Words and the Hostile Audience
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Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire and Notes, pp. 80-86
- Terminello v. Chicago, pp. 70
- Cantwell v. Connecticut and Notes, pp. 71-73
- Feiner v. New York and Notes, pp. 73-77
- Note on Revising the Feiner Approach, pp. 77-80
B. Racist Speech and Workplace Harassment
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Beauharnais v. Illinois and Notes, pp. 244-253
- Notes on the Skokie Controversy, pp. 86-89
- R.A.V. v. St. Paul, pp. 253-259
- Wisconsin v. Mitchell and Notes, pp. 259-262
- Virginia v. Black and Notes, pp. 263-276
- Balkin, Free Speech and Hostile Environments
C. [Please read the latest Supreme Court opinion in Snyder v. Phelps]
14. What is Speech?
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Notes and United States v. O’Brien, pp. 367-378
- Notes and Texas v. Johnson, pp. 378-384
- Barnes v. Glen Theatre, pp. 384-387
- City of Erie v. Pap’s A.M., pp. 387-389
- Note on political boycotts, pp. 389-390
- Note on computer code, pp. 390-391
- Village of Schaumberg v. Citizens For A Better Environment, pp.391-392
15. Commercial Speech
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Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Council and Notes, pp. 161-172
- Central Hudson Gas v. Public Service Commission of New York, pp. 173-175
- 44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island and Notes, pp. 175-177
- Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly and Notes, pp. 177-178
- Thompson v. Western States Medical Center and Notes, pp. 178-181
- Note on Additional Limitations on the Protection of Commercial Speech, pp. 181-187
Part III– Regulation of Time, Place, and Manner
16. Time, Place and Manner Regulation
A. Content Neutral Regulation
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Notes and Schneider v. State, pp. 285-286
- Martin v. City of Struthers, pp. 286-287
- Kovacs v. Cooper, pp. 287-288
- Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego and Notes, pp. 289-290
- City of Ladue v. Gilleo, pp. 290-291
- Notes on balancing and content neutrality, pp. 293-298
B. The Public Forum
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Note and Commonwealth v. Davis, pp. 298-300
- Hague v. CIO and Notes, pp. 300-301
- Schneider v. State and Notes, pp. 301-302
- Notes on regulating the public forum, pp. 302-309
- Balkin, Some Realism about Pluralism: Legal Realist Approaches to the First Amendment
17. Public, Limited and Non-Public Forums
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Adderly v. Florida and Notes, pp. 309-315
- International Society for Krishna Consciousness v. Lee, and Notes pp. 315-319
- Police Department of Chicago v. Mosley and Notes, pp. 321-326
- Lehman v. City of Shaker Heights and Notes, pp. 326-332
- Perry Educators’ Association v. Perry Local Educator’s Association and Notes, pp. 332-338
- Note on religious expression and the meaning of “viewpoint neutrality”, pp. 338-341
- Christian Legal Society v. Martinez
- Note on Private Forums, pp. 319-321
Part IV– The First Amendment in the Welfare State
18. Government Speech and Government Subsidies to Speech
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Note and Southeastern Promotions v. Conrad, pp. 341-343
- Board of Education v. Pico and Notes, pp. 343-346
- Regan v. Taxation with Representation and Notes, pp. 346-347
- Rust v. Sullivan and Notes, pp. 347-353
- Legal Services Corporation v. Velazquez, pp. 353-356
- NEA v. Finley, pp. 356-360
- United States v. ALA, pp. 360-367
- City of Pleasant Grove v. Summum
19. Regulation of Public Employment and Special Environments
A. Regulation of Government Employees
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Notes and U.S. Civil Service Commission v. National Association of Letter Carriers, pp. 458-463
- Pickering v. Board of Education and Notes, pp. 463-469
- Elrod v. Burns and Notes, pp. 469-473
- Notes on Subversive Advocacy and Associations, pp. 473-477
- Snepp v. United States and Notes, pp. 477-483
B. Regulation of Special Environments– Military, Schools and Prisons
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Parker v. Levy and Notes, pp. 449-451
- Tinker v. Des Moines School District and Notes, pp. 451-456
- Jones v. North Carolina Prisoners’ Union and Notes, pp. 456-458
20. Freedom of Association
A. Associational Formation
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NAACP v. Button and Notes, pp. 427-429
- Note on Litigation and the First Amendment, pp. 429-430
- Roberts v. U.S. Jaycees and Notes, pp. 431-433
- Note on Association and the First Amendment, pp. 433-434
- Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, and Notes, pp. 434-440
B. Compelled Affirmation of Belief
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Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins, p. 440
- Note on Compelled Affirmation of Belief, pp. 441-447
C. Anonymity
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NAACP v. Alabama, pp. 430-431
- Talley v. California, p. 483
- McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission, pp. 484-485
- Buckley v. Valeo and Notes, pp. 485-486
D. Government Benefits and Licenses
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Shelton v. Tucker, pp. 486-487
- Konigsberg v. State Bar and Notes, pp. 487-489
E. Legislative Hearings
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Notes and Barenblatt v. United States, pp. 489-491
- Gibson v. Florida Legislative Investigating Committee and Notes, pp. 491-493
21. Campaign Finance
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Buckley v. Valeo and Notes, pp. 393-409
- First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti and Notes, pp. 409-411
- Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce and Notes, pp. 411-412
- Note Contribution Limits, PACs, and Political Parties, pp. 412-414
- McConnell v. FEC and Notes, pp. 414-420
- Wisconsin Right To Life v. FEC and Notes, pp. 420-423
- Citizens United v. FEC
- Note on Additional Regulation of the Political Process, pp. 423-427
22. Freedom of the Press
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Notes and Branzburg v. Hayes, pp. 493-499
- Note on rights to gather news, pp. 499-504
- Note on press rights of access to government information, pp. 504-507
- Richmond Newspapers v. Virginia, pp. 507-511
- Globe Newspaper Co. v. Superior Court and Notes, pp. 511-512
- Note on variations on the press right of access, pp. 512-515
- Hollingsworth v. Perry
- Minneapolis Star & Tribune Co. v. Minnesota Commissioner of Revenue and Notes, pp. 515-519
23. Media Regulation
A. Broadcast and Cable Regulation
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Miami Herald v. Tornillo and Notes, pp. 520-521
- Red Lion v. FCC and Notes, pp. 521-530
- Turner Broadcasting System v. FCC (Turner I) and Notes, pp. 530-536
B. The Internet and Media Access
- Balkin, The Future of Free Expression in a Digital Age
- Balkin, The Hugo Black Lecture: The First Amendment is an Information Policy
C. Network Neutrality
- Tribe and Goldstein, Proposed “Net Neutrality Mandates Could be Counterproductive and Violate the First Amendment
- Michael Burstein, Towards a New Standard for First Amendment Review of Structural Media Regulation
Optional Readings