Spring 2014 The First Amendment

 
The First Amendment

Spring Semester 2014

 
Note: Unless otherwise noted, all references to page numbers refer to Stone, Seidman, Sunstein, Tushnet and Karlan, The First Amendment (4th ed. 2012).

Part I– Religious Liberty

 

1. The Establishment Clause

• Everson v. Board of Education and Notes, pp. 649-652

• Note on history of the Religion Clauses, pp. 652-659
• Note on general approaches to the Religion Clauses, pp. 659-665
• Note on Defining Religion, pp. 665-669
• Lemon v. Kurtzman, p. 671
• Notes and Lee v. Wiseman, pp. 672-684

2. School Prayer, Public Displays and De Facto Establishments

• Lynch v. Donnelly and Notes, pp. 684-692

• Note on the nonendorsement principle, pp. 692-701
• Note on problems with a purpose test, pp. 701-707
• Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
• Scotusblog coverage of Town of Greece v. Galloway
• Town of Greece v. Galloway Oral Argument Transcript

3. Government Aid to Religious Institutions

• Notes and Muller v. Allen, pp. 707-714

• Note on cases from Aguillar to Mitchell, pp. 714-720
• Zelman v. Simmons-Harris and Notes, pp. 720-729
• Bowen v. Kendrick and Notes

4. The Free Exercise Clause

• Note and Reynolds v. U.S. pp. 721-732

• Braunfeld v. Brown, pp. 732-733
• Sherbert v. Verner, pp. 733-734
• Wisconsin v. Yoder, pp. 734-735
• Cases on mandatory accomodation, pp. 735-739
• Employment Division v. Smith and Notes, pp. 739-751
• Locke v. Davey and Notes
• Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School v. EEOC

5. The Religious Freedom Restoration Act and the Contraceptive Mandate

• Petitioner’s Brief in Sebelius v. Hobby Lobby Stores

• Petitioner’s Brief in Conestoga Wood Specialties Corp. v. Sebelius
• Marty Lederman Posts on Hobby Lobby Part I Part II Part III Part IIIa Part IIIb Part IV Part V
• Eugene Volokh, Collected Posts on Hobby Lobby
• Marty Lederman, Little Sisters of the Poor State of Play Update
• Marty Lederman, Not Quite Hobby Lobby: The Non-Profit Cases

6. Permissible Accommodations of Religion

• Note and Corporation of Presiding Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints v. Amos, pp. 753-759

• Texas Monthly v. Bullock and Notes, pp. 759-760
• Board of Education of Kiryas Joel School District v. Grumet and Notes pp. 760-762
• Notes on accomodation of religion, pp. 762-765
• Note on Free Exercise, Free Speech, and the Right of Expressive Association, pp. 766-770
• Schwartzman, Schragger, and Tebbe on The Establishment Clause and the Contraceptive Mandate, Part I, Part II, Part III, Part IV

Part II– Freedom of Speech– Content Regulation

7. Theories of Free Speech; Seditious Advocacy

• Brandenburg v. Ohio and Notes, pp. 62-65

• Abrams v. United States and Notes, pp. 32-38
• Gitlow v. New York and Notes, pp. 38-43
• Whitney v. California and Notes, pp. 43-51
• Dennis v. United States and Notes, pp. 51-62
• Note on the Brandenburg formulation, pp. 65-75 (note especially Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project, pp. 70-73)
• Bridges v. California and Watts v. U.S., pp. 75-78
• Planned Parenthood v. ACLA and Notes, pp. 78-81
• Marty Lederman, The Begolly Indictment and the First Amendment
• Benjamin Wittes, David Cole and Peter Margulies: An Exchange on Tarek Mehanna
• Marty Lederman, Avoidance of the First Amendment Questions in the Mehanna Case
• Notes on the history of the first amendment, pp. 3-9
• Notes on the philosophy of free expression, pp. 9-18

 
8. Defamation

• Note on “Low Value Speech”, pp. 155-156

• New York Times v. Sullivan and Notes, pp. 156-167
• Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts and Notes, pp. 167-168
• Gertz v. Robert Welch and Notes, pp. 168-171
• Note on public and private figures, public and private speech, pp. 171-173
• Dun and Bradstreet v. Greenmoss Builders and Notes, pp. 173-174
• Internet Service Provider Liability Exception 47 USC section 230
• Note on other false statements of fact, pp. 174-175
• Hustler Magazine v. Falwell and Notes, pp. 176-178
• Snyder v. Phelps, pp. 102-104
• United States v. Alavarez (The Stolen Valor Case)

9. Privacy

• Cox Broadcasting v. Cohn and Notes, pp. 178-181

• Note on invasion of privacy and the first amendment, pp. 181-185
• Bartnicki v. Vopper, pp. 335-337
• Cohen v. Cowles Media Co., p. 601
• Note on data privacy
• Sorrell v. IMS Health, Inc., pp. 208-210

Additional Reading

• Richards, The Dangers of Surveillance

10. Vagueness, Overbreadth, and Prior Restraint

• Notes and Gooding v. Wilson, pp. 127-131

• Note on Overbreadth, pp.131-136
• Note on Vagueness, pp. 136-138
• Note on Prior Restraint, p. 138-139
• Lovell v. Griffin and Notes, pp. 139-143
• Freedman v. Maryland and Notes, pp. 143-145
• Near v. Minnesota and Notes, pp. 145-148
• Note on injunctions as prior restraints, pp. 148-153
• Nebraska Press Association v. Stuart and Notes, pp. 106-108
• New York Times Co. v. United States and Notes, pp. 108-122
• Note on the Progressive controversy, pp. 122-125

Additional Reading

• Balkin, Old School/New School Speech Regulation

11. Disclosure of Confidential, Sensitive, and Dangerous Information

• Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia and Notes, pp. 105-106

• Boehner v. McDermott
• United States v. Rosen
• Wikipedia article on Wikileaks
• Jack Goldsmith, Seven Thoughts on Wikileaks
• Statement of Abbe Lowell before House Judiciary Hearing on Wikileaks
• Statement of Geoffrey R. Stone before House Judiciary Hearing on Wikileaks
• 18 USC Section 231
• 18 USC Section 2339A
• 18 USC Section 2339B
• Snepp v. United States and Notes, pp. 573-579

Additional Reading

• Yochai Benkler, A Free Irresponsible Press

• Jack M. Balkin, The First Amendment is an Information Policy

12. Pornography and Obscenity

A. Obscenity and Pornography

• Roth v. United States and Notes, pp. 215-227

• Miller v. California, pp. 227-230
• Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton and Notes, pp. 230-240
• Note on Pornography and the Victimization of Women, pp. 320-326

B. Child Pornography

• New York v. Ferber and Notes, pp. 241-243

• Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coallition, pp. 243-247
• Note on Child Pornography, pp. 247-249

C. Cruelty to Animals

• United States v. Stevens, pp. 249-255

13. Offensive and Indecent Speech

A. Captive Audiences

• Cohen v. California and Notes, pp. 260-269

• Erznoznick v. City of Jacksonville, pp. 270-271

B. Protection of Children

• FCC v. Pacifica Foundation and Notes, pp. 271-274

• Sable Communications v. FCC and Notes, pp. 274
• Action for Children’s Television v. FCC (ACT III)
• Reno v. ACLU, pp. 274-276
• Ashcroft v. ACLU, pp. 276-279
• Note on Indecent Expression, pp. 280-283

C. Violence

• Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association, pp. 255-259

• Note on Violence as Obscenity, pp. 259-260

D. Secondary Effects and Zoning of Sexually Explicit Expression

• Young v. American Mini Theatres, pp. 283-285

• City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres, p. 285-286
• City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books and Notes, pp. 286-288
• Note on Zoning and Nude Dancing, pp. 288-290

14. Fighting Words, Racist Speech and Harassment

A. Fighting Words and the Hostile Audience

• Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire and Notes, pp. 92-99

• Terminello v. Chicago, pp. 81-82
• Cantwell v. Connecticut and Notes, pp. 82-84
• Feiner v. New York and Notes, pp. 84-89
• Note on Revising the Feiner Approach, pp. 89-92
• Snyder v. Phelps, pp. 102-104

B. Racist Speech

• Beauharnais v. Illinois and Notes, pp. 290-294

• Note on Group Defamation and Hate Speech, pp. 294-300
• Notes on the Skokie Controversy, pp. 99-102
• R.A.V. v. St. Paul, pp. 300-306
• Wisconsin v. Mitchell and Notes, pp. 306-310
• Virginia v. Black and Notes, pp. 310-320

C. Harassment

• Balkin, Free Speech and Hostile Environments

• Amanda Hess, Why Women Aren’t Welcome on the Internet

Additional Reading

• Danielle Keats Citron, Cyber Civil Rights

15. What is Speech?

• Notes and United States v. O’Brien, pp. 422-435

• Note on flag desecration and misuse, pp. 435-441
• Barnes v. Glen Theatre, pp. 441-444
• City of Erie v. Pap’s A.M., pp. 444-446
• Note on other forms of symbolic speech, pp. 447-450
• Village of Schaumberg v. Citizens For A Better Environment, pp.450-451

16. Commercial Speech

• Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Council and Notes, pp. 186-198

• Central Hudson Gas v. Public Service Commission of New York, pp. 198-201
• 44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island and Notes, pp. 201-203
• Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly and Notes, pp. 203-204
• Sorrell v. IMS Health, Inc., pp. 208-210
• Thompson v. Western States Medical Center and Notes, pp. 204-210
• Note on Additional Limitations on the Protection of Commercial Speech, pp. 210-215
• R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company v. FDA

Additional Reading

• Discount Tobacco City & Lottery v. Food and Drug Administration

17. Freedom of Speech and Health Regulation

• United States v. Caronia

• United States v. Haroken
• David Brown, The press-release conviction of a biotech CEO and its impact on scientific research
• Pickup v. Brown
• King v. Christie
• Kate Murphy, Regulating CPCs: Consumer Protection or Affront to Free Speech?
• Jennifer Keighley, Abortion, the First Amendment, and the Fourth Circuit’s “Kangaroo Court”
• Wollschlaeger v. Farmer

Additional Reading

• Jennifer Keighley, Can You Handle the Truth? Compelled Commercial Speech and the First Amendment

• Rebecca Tushnet, Disputed scientific conclusions not actionable under Lanham Act
• Arthur L. Kellermann, Silencing the Slience on Gun Research

Part III– Regulation of Time, Place, and Manner

 
18. Time, Place and Manner Regulation

A. Content Neutral Regulation

• Notes and Schneider v. State, pp. 329-331

• Martin v. City of Struthers, pp. 331-332
• Kovacs v. Cooper, pp. 332-333
• Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego and Notes, pp. 333-334
• City of Ladue v. Gilleo, pp. 334-335
• Bartnicki v. Vopper, pp. 335-337
• Notes on balancing and content neutrality, pp. 337-339
• Note on the meaning of content neutrality, pp. 339-343
• McCullen v. Coakley (SCOTUSBlog page)

B. The Public Forum

• Note and Commonwealth v. Davis, pp. 343-345

• Hague v. CIO and Notes, pp. 345-346
• Schneider v. State and Notes, pp. 346-347
• Notes on regulating the public forum, pp. 348-353
• Note on devices for regulating the public forum, pp. 353-355
• Balkin, Some Realism about Pluralism: Legal Realist Approaches to the First Amendment

19. Public, Limited and Non-Public Forums

• Adderly v. Florida and Notes, pp. 355-362

• International Society for Krishna Consciousness v. Lee, and Notes pp. 362-365
• Note on modern public forum doctrine, pp. 365-366
• Note on the right to a private forum, pp. 366-368
• Police Department of Chicago v. Mosley and Notes, pp. 368-374
• Lehman v. City of Shaker Heights and Notes, pp. 374-380
• Perry Educators’ Association v. Perry Local Educator’s Association and Notes, pp. 380-382
• Note on quintessential, designated, and non-public forums, pp. 382-388
• Note on religious expression and the meaning of “viewpoint neutrality”, pp. 388-391
• Christian Legal Society v. Martinez, pp. 392-396

Part IV– The First Amendment in the Welfare State

20. Government Speech and Government Subsidies to Speech

• Note and Southeastern Promotions v. Conrad, pp. 396-398

• Board of Education v. Pico and Notes, pp. 398-400
• Regan v. Taxation with Representation and Notes, pp. 400-402
• Rust v. Sullivan and Notes, pp. 402-408
• NEA v. Finley, pp. 408-413
• Legal Services Corporation v. Velazquez, pp. 413-417
• Note on the reach of government speech, pp. 417-422
• Agency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International

21. Freedom of Association

A. Associational Formation

• NAACP v. Button and Notes, pp. 515-519

• Note on Litigation and the First Amendment, pp. 517-519
• NAACP v. Alabama and Notes, pp. 519-521
• Roberts v. U.S. Jaycees and Notes, pp. 521-524
• Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, and Notes, pp. 524-530

B. Compelled Affirmation of Belief

• Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins, p. 530

• Note on Compelled Affirmation of Belief, pp. 531-537
• Elane Photography v. Willock

C. Anonymity

• Talley v. California, p. 579-580

• McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission, pp. 580-581
• Buckley v. Valeo and Notes, pp. 581-583

22. Campaign Finance

• Buckley v. Valeo and Notes, pp. 452-467

• Note on subsidy and disclosure, pp. 467-472
• Note on contributions, PAC’s, and political parties, pp. 472-474
• McConnell v. FEC (soft money issues), pp 474-478
• Davis v. FEC, pp, 478-481
• Arizona Free Enterprise Club’s Freedom Club Pac v. Bennett, pp. 481-487
• Note on conrporate contributions and expenditures, pp. 487-494
• Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, pp. 494-511
• McCutcheon v. Federal Election Commission
• Note on Additional Regulation of the Political Process, pp. 511-515

23. Freedom of the Press

A. Regulation of Newsgathering and Access to Information

• Notes and Branzburg v. Hayes, pp. 591-598

• Note on rights to gather news, pp. 598-604 (including Zurcher v. Stanford Daily and Cohen v. Cowles Media)
• Note on press rights of access to government information, pp. 604-606
• Richmond Newspapers v. Virginia, pp. 606-611
• Globe Newspaper Co. v. Superior Court and Notes, pp. 611-612
• Note on variations on the press right of access, pp. 612-615
• Hollingsworth v. Perry
• Minneapolis Star & Tribune Co. v. Minnesota Commissioner of Revenue and Notes, pp. 615-620
• Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. New York State Crime Victims Board
• Gilk v. Cunniffe
• ACLU v. Alvarez

B. Broadcast and Cable Regulation

• Miami Herald v. Tornillo and Notes, pp. 620-622

• Red Lion v. FCC and Notes, pp. 622-632
• Turner Broadcasting System v. FCC (Turner I) and Notes, pp. 632-639